Hypertension, commonly referred to as high blood pressure, is a medical condition where the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is recorded as two numbers: systolic pressure over diastolic pressure. The systolic pressure represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts, while the diastolic pressure represents the pressure when the heart is at rest between beats.

1. Primary (essential) hypertension: This is the most common type of hypertension, and its exact cause is often not clear. It tends to develop gradually over time due to a combination of genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and age-related changes.
2. Secondary hypertension: This type of hypertension is usually caused by an underlying medical condition, such as kidney disease, hormonal disorders, or certain medications. Treating the underlying cause can help manage secondary hypertension.
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